Build Integrity & Cryptographic Trust

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Sigstore Cosign
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Open Source Security Foundation (OpenSSF) · Open Source · 4 capabilities in this domain · 4.18 / 5
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AWS Signer
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Amazon Web Services · Commercial · 3 capabilities in this domain
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Chainguard Factory
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Chainguard · Commercial · 3 capabilities in this domain
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Notation (Notary Project)
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Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) · Open Source · 3 capabilities in this domain
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Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) · Open Source · 3 capabilities in this domain
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Microsoft · Commercial · 2 capabilities in this domain
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Bazel
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Google · Open Source · 2 capabilities in this domain
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CyberArk Code Sign Manager
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CyberArk · Commercial · 2 capabilities in this domain
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Keyfactor Signum
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Keyfactor · Commercial · 2 capabilities in this domain
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SLSA GitHub Generator
Capabilities only
Open Source Security Foundation (OpenSSF) · Open Source · 2 capabilities in this domain
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Sigstore Fulcio
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Open Source Security Foundation (OpenSSF) · Open Source · 2 capabilities in this domain
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Sigstore Rekor
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Open Source Security Foundation (OpenSSF) · Open Source · 2 capabilities in this domain
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diffoscope
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Reproducible Builds Project · Open Source · 2 capabilities in this domain
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in-toto
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Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) · Open Source · 2 capabilities in this domain
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melange
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Chainguard · Open Source · 2 capabilities in this domain
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slsa-verifier
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Open Source Security Foundation (OpenSSF) · Open Source · 2 capabilities in this domain
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Archivista
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Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) · Open Source · 1 capabilities in this domain
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Kosli
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Kosli · Freemium · 1 capabilities in this domain
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In Build Integrity & Cryptographic Trust

Chainguard Factory

Chainguard · Build Integrity & Cryptographic Trust

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CommercialCompany

The Factory is the reason the catalog's properties hold over time rather than at publish time. It is worth understanding in a rollout because it is the answer to the most common technical objection — that a zero-CVE image is only zero-CVE on the day it ships.

Website ↗

What it does5 capabilities · 4 at full coverage

4 of 5 at full coverage.

Build Provenance AttestationFullBUILD · level 3 · 15 providers
Hermetic Build EnforcementFullBUILD · level 5 · 2 providers
Reproducible Build VerificationPartialBUILD · level 5 · 5 providers
Continuous Image Rebuild & Freshness ManagementFullCONTAINER · level 4 · 6 providers
Rebuilt-from-Source Dependency ProvisioningFullDEPS · level 5 · 6 providers

What it proves15 controls across 8 frameworks

Satisfied through its capabilities, not claimed by the vendor.

S2C2F4 / 25ING-4 REB-1 REB-2 REB-3
SLSA 1.23 / 16Build L1 — Provenance generated and distributed Build L2 — Signed provenance Build L3 — Run isolation
SSDF 1.13 / 42PS.2.1 PS.3.2 PW.6.1
CRA1 / 41Annex I Part I (2)(f)
CSF 2.01 / 106PR.PS-02
OWASP Top 101 / 10A08:2025
SAMM 2.01 / 90O-EM-3-B
SP 800-204D1 / 11204D-CI-EVIDENCE

What it stops9 techniques · 1 risk

9 techniques countered, 3 of them common

Ingress Tool TransferT1105Very Common
Artifact Tampering After BuildCommon
Stolen Publishing TokenCommon
Build System ImplantRare
SLSA threat D: Build from modified source or parametersSLSA-D
SLSA threat DEP: Dependency threat (A–H applied recursively)SLSA-DEP
SLSA threat E: Compromised build processSLSA-E
SLSA threat F: Upload of a modified artifactSLSA-F
SLSA threat G: Compromised distribution channelSLSA-G

1 risks reduced

Released artifact does not match reviewed sourceCritical

Where it runs3 phases · 1 way to deploy

Capabilities per lifecycle phase

Build5
Release1
Operate1

How it is delivered

Managed service

What it unlocks5 activities · reaches level 5

Program activities its capabilities support, reaching level 5. Supporting an activity is not completing it.

Level 3

Signed SLSA provenance for every artifactLow effort

Level 4

Image freshness SLOs and malware scanningMedium effort

Level 5

Consume dependencies rebuilt from verified sourceHigh effort
HermeticHigh effort
Near-zero known vulnerabilities in production imagesHigh effort

How it holds up2 strengths · 1 limitation · 1 use it suits

Strengths

Makes freshness a maintained property
Uniform evidence across the catalog

Limitations

Not separately purchasable; it is the mechanism behind the catalog

Best for

Technical due diligence on hardened-image suppliers

Proof points

Remediation by rebuild from source rather than by reactive patching
Rebuild is triggered by upstream change, not by a release calendar

How it works

Automated build agents monitor upstream sources and vulnerability feeds, trigger rebuilds of affected packages and of every image containing them, run the package's tests, and publish the result with signature, SBOM and provenance. Remediation is by reconstruction from source rather than by backporting a patch.

Organization size it suits

Relevant to any buyer evaluating the durability of a zero-CVE claim

What it costsPlatform enterprise agreement

LicensingPlatform enterprise agreement

Priced perannual contract

BillingSubscription

Scales withNegotiated scope (developers, assets, modules)

Total cost

Opaque list pricing; benchmark with peers and require clear overage terms.

What it takes to run

No staffing, rollout time or operational commitment recorded.

What it works with3 standards

Standards and formats

SLSA Provenance PredicateSPDX (ISO/IEC 5962)Sigstore Bundle

What else to look at9 siblings

Same family

Chainguard ActionsCommercial
Chainguard ContainersFreemium · 4.04
Chainguard LibrariesCommercial
Chainguard OS PackagesCommercial
Chainguard VMsCommercial
The GuardenerCommercial
WolfiOpen Source
apkoOpen Source
melangeOpen Source

What backs this up

No measurement, incident or pipeline using it.

Gantry 7.1.0 · OFF.12 · OFF.13